The Ashville Historic District is located in the village of Ashville in a rural area of northwestern Fauquier County. The Reconstruction-era African American village generally fronts along Ashville and Old Ashville Roads and occupies approximately 23 acres. The district is architecturally significant as a rare and relatively intact collection of buildings dating from 1870 to 1911. It contains nine properties, including a church, a school, a community cemetery, and several historic vernacular dwellings. This collection of buildings is one of the best-preserved African American communities in Fauquier County and illustrates Ashville’s growth and development as an African American Reconstruction-era rural community.