Through its 300-year existence, Cumberland in New Kent County has housed revolutionists, plantation owners, slaves, and military personnel. Partly due to its location and considerable acreage, Cumberland has been the site of multiple military activities, including acting as a storage location at the end of the Revolutionary War and housing a Union Army encampment during the Civil War. The building preserves two important periods of construction that exemplify the evolution of the house from a central-hall plan, Georgian- and Federal-style building constructed for the Littlepage family to an elegant Colonial Revival and Neoclassical Revival-styled residence designed by a Harvard-trained architect, Harden de Valsen Pratt. Though much of the original material at Cumberland has been removed or encased within the circa-1938 renovations, the architect’s work has acquired historical significance in its own right.