The Samuel Gilmer House, located in Russell County and built around 1820, is one of the few surviving examples of Federal-style architecture in far southwest Virginia. While the building has been refurbished, restored and annexed in the years since, it retains classic Federal-style characteristics both in the interior and exterior. Other buildings and structures on the property that contribute to its historical significance include a detached original kitchen and cellar building, and the remaining stone piers and abutments of a circa-1848 covered bridge that was likely part of the Cumberland Gap Turnpike.